August Market Update

The Big Story

Housing Market Seasonality vs. Expected Rate Cuts

Quick Take:

Nationally, home prices hit an all-time high in June 2024, and we estimate that prices may have bucked seasonal trends and climbed slightly higher in July.*
In July, the average 30-year mortgage rate declined for the third month, falling to 6.78%, a 0.44% drop from the 2024 high reached in early May. The Fed is poised to start cutting rates in September, which tends to be around the time the housing market really slows before the holidays.
Sales fell 5.4% month over month and year over year, while inventory rose to its highest level since 2020. The combination of rising prices and high interest rates has kept sales historically low. Although the market is shifting in buyers’ favor, we still expect sales to decline for the rest of the year.

Note: You can find the charts & graphs for the Big Story at the end of the following section.

*National Association of REALTORS® data is released two months behind, so we estimate the most recent month’s data when possible and appropriate.

Rate cuts expected during slowest months in the housing market

In June, prices rose for the fifth month in a row, reaching all-time highs. Typically, home prices begin to fall in July, but this year may be different. Currently, we estimate data to show that the national median home price rose very slightly in July. We are confident, at least, that prices have not fallen 5% from June to July, which means that July was the 13th consecutive month of year-over-year price growth. Despite the seasonal price dip, which is surely coming in the second half of the year, year-over-year price growth will almost certainly continue for months to come.

So why won’t prices see a major shift downward in the second half of the year? Seasonal trends already dictate that prices will decline starting around now. Combine that with high mortgage rates, slowing sales, and the highest inventory in four years, and it seems like we have the perfect recipe for prices to fall significantly. While home prices tend to increase over time, the pandemic buying boom set the stage for prices to rise more quickly than expected, and to stay high. In a funny way, higher interest rates have been incentivizing higher prices due to the cost of selling and buying at the same time. From June 2019 to March 2022, the average 30-year mortgage rate was less than 4%, and the averages for all of 2020 and 2021 were 3.11% and 2.95%, respectively. All that to say, those buyers who purchased their homes through financing, as most buyers do, in 2020 or 2021, and who plan to buy their next homes through financing at a much higher rate — they need to sell their current homes for much higher to combat the cost of financing new ones.

To further the point, the cost of financing the median home in June 2024 has increased 83% compared to June 2021, even though the sticker price of the median home is only up 16%. However, let’s say you bought the median home in June 2021 with 20% down, and then in June 2024, both sold your old median price home and bought the June 2024 median price home, your mortgage would only go up 55% rather than 83% because of the $60,000 price appreciation, which would bring you to ~30% equity in the new home. To be clear, 55% is still a lot, but it’s better than 83%.

Overall, inventory growth is great news for the undersupplied U.S. housing market. According to data from realtor.com, inventory reached its highest level since June 2020. The increasing inventory level should cause rising home prices to slow. In the pre-pandemic seasonal trends, sales, new listings, inventory, and price would roughly all rise in the first half of the year and decline in the second half of the year. Sales and new listings have been far lower than usual since mortgage rates started climbing, which is to be expected. Because we don’t anticipate sales to pick up until the spring of 2025, inventory could easily continue to grow in the second half of the year. Fed rate cuts will come right when the market really starts to slow down, so they probably won’t drive the market into a buying frenzy in the fourth quarter.

Different regions and individual houses vary from the broad national trends, so we’ve included a Local Lowdown below to provide you with in-depth coverage for your area. As always, we will continue to monitor the housing and economic markets to best guide you in buying or selling your home.

Big Story Data

The Local Lowdown

Quick Take:

The median single-family home price fell 2.6% month over month, while condo prices rose 17.3% and reached the highest price level in two years. We expect price contraction for the rest of the year, which is the seasonal norm.
Active listings and new listings declined in San Francisco month over month, bringing inventory to a record low once again. We expect inventory to decline and the overall market to slow further as we make our way through the second half of the year.
Months of Supply Inventory fell for both single-family homes and condos. In July, MSI indicated a sellers’ market for single-family homes and a balanced market for condos.

Note: You can find the charts/graphs for the Local Lowdown at the end of this section.

The median single-family home and condo prices fell but are still near all-time highs

In San Francisco, home prices haven’t been largely affected by rising mortgage rates after the initial period of price correction from May 2022 to July 2022. Since July 2022, the median single-family home and condo prices have hovered around $1.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Condo prices reached a two-year high in July, but were still $60,000 below the all-time high reached in April 2022. Year over year, the median price was up 10% for single-family homes and 16% for condos. Prices are more likely to rise if more sellers come to the market. Inventory is so low that rising supply will only increase prices as buyers are better able to find the best match. More homes must come to the market to get anything close to a healthy market. That said, prices typically peak in the summer months, and we don’t expect new all-time highs this year. We do expect some minor price contraction in the coming months. Additionally, inventory is low enough that it will create price support as supply declines in the second half of the year.

High mortgage rates soften both supply and demand, but home buyers and sellers seemed to tolerate rates near 6%. Now that rates are declining again, sales could get a little boost, but the housing market typically begins to slow this time of year.

Inventory hits a record low in July

In July, sales fell 6% for single-family homes, but rose 13% for condos month over month. Total inventory fell 15% as new listings dropped. For single-family homes, inventory declined due to a sharp drop in new listings over the past two months. Condo sales rose in July and far outpaced new listings, which caused inventory to fall.

In 2023, single-family home inventory followed fairly typical seasonal trends, but at a significantly depressed level, while condo inventory has been in decline since May 2022. Low inventory and fewer new listings have slowed the market considerably. Typically, inventory in San Francisco has two peaks, one in May and one in September, and then declines through December or January, but the lack of new listings prevented meaningful inventory growth. New listings have been exceptionally low, so the little inventory growth throughout 2023 was driven by fewer sales. In November and December 2023, new listings dropped significantly without a proportional drop in sales, causing inventory to fall to an all-time low in December, which further highlights how undersupplied the market has been over the past year. It’s looking like 2024 inventory, sales, and new listings will resemble historically seasonal patterns, but at a significantly depressed level, similar to last year. Now that we’re more than halfway through the year, it’s clear that supply will remain tight until spring 2025 at the earliest.

Months of Supply Inventory in July 2024 indicated a sellers’ market for single-family homes and a balanced market for condos

Months of Supply Inventory (MSI) quantifies the supply/demand relationship by measuring how many months it would take for all current homes listed on the market to sell at the current rate of sales. The long-term average MSI is around three months in California, which indicates a balanced market. An MSI lower than three indicates that there are more buyers than sellers on the market (meaning it’s a sellers’ market), while a higher MSI indicates there are more sellers than buyers (meaning it’s a buyers’ market). The San Francisco market tends to favor sellers, at least for single-family homes, which is reflected in its low MSI. However, we’ve seen over the past 12 months that this isn’t always the case. MSI has been volatile, moving between a buyers’ and sellers’ market throughout the year. From January to July, MSI declined significantly. In July, MSI implied that the single-family home market favored sellers, and the condo market was more balanced.